The book of 2 Chronicles is a historical account that focuses primarily on the reigns of the kings of Judah, emphasizing the temple worship and the importance of following God's covenant. It serves as a continuation of the narrative begun in 1 Chronicles, providing a theological reflection on the history of Israel, particularly from the perspective of the southern kingdom of Judah after the division of the monarchy.

The author of 2 Chronicles is traditionally believed to be Ezra, a priest and scribe, who wrote with the intent of encouraging the returned exiles from Babylon to restore proper worship and maintain their covenant relationship with God. The book is written in a post-exilic context, reflecting on the past to instruct the present and future generations about faithfulness to God.